Swift Functions Tutorial with Examples

// A function has return type
func functionName(parameters) -> returntype  
{
   // Statements....
    return value;
} 
// The function has no return type
func functionName(parameters)
{
    // Statements...
}

import Foundation

// Define a function
// Function name: sayHello
// Parameter: name, type of String
// Return: String
func sayHello(name:String) -> String { 
    // If 'name' is empty.
    if name.isEmpty  {
        // Returns, and Ends the function
        return "Hello every body!"
    }
    // If 'name' is not empty, this code will be executed.
    return "Hello " + name 
} 
// Define a function, no parameters, no returns type.
func test_sayHello()  { 
    // Call sayHello function, pass empty string.
    var greeting1 = sayHello("")  
    print("greeting1 = " + greeting1);
    
    // Call sayHello function, pass "Swift" as parameter.
    var greeting2 = sayHello("Swift") 
    print("greeting2 = " + greeting2); 
}

import Foundation

// Call test_sayHello() function.
test_sayHello()

import Foundation

// name1, name2 are Labels
func sayHello(name1: String, name2: String)   { 
    print("Hello " + name1);
    print("Hello " + name2); 
}  
func test_sayHello()    {  
    let tom = "Tom"
    let jerry = "Jerry"
    
    // Rules to Call function (Or method):
    // First parameter should not have required argument labels
    // Others parameter should have required argument labels.
    sayHello(tom, name2: jerry)  
}

import Foundation

// Define a function to sum 3 number type of Int, return Int.
func sum(a: Int, b: Int, c: Int) -> Int  { 
    // Declare a variable type of Int
    var ret:Int = a + b + c 
    return ret 
}  
// Define a function to find the largest number in 3 numbers.
func max(a: Int, b: Int, c: Int) -> Int { 
    // Declare varriable 'm', assign value = a.
    var m = a
    
    // Check if m < b then assgin m = b.
    if m < b  {
        m = b
    } 
    // If m > c then return m.
    if m >  c  { 
        // Ends function
        return m;
    } 
    return c 
}

import Foundation

// Defina a function named getMinMax
// Input is an array of Int.
// The function returns two values: 
// The largest number and the smallest number in the array.
func getMinMax(arr: [Int]) -> (min: Int, max: Int)   { 
    // If array has no elements, return (0,0).
    if arr.count == 0  {
        // End function
        return (0, 0)
    } 
    // Declare 2 variables 'mi', 'ma'.
    // assigned by the first element of the array.
    var mi: Int = arr[0]
    var ma: Int = arr[0]  
    for a in arr  { 
        if mi > a  {
            mi = a
        }
        if  ma  <  a  {
            ma = a
        }
    } 
    return (mi, ma)
} 
// Test getMinMax function.
func test_returningTupleExample()    { 
    // An array of Int.
    var years: [Int] = [2000, 1989, 1975, 2005, 2016] 
    // Call getMinMax function.
    var y = getMinMax(years) 
    print("Max = \(y.max)") 
    print("Min = \(y.min)")  
}

import Foundation

test_returningTupleExample()

import Foundation

// A function with Variadic parameter: nums
// Parameter nums: Like an array of Int.
func sum(nums: Int...) -> Int { 
    var retNumber : Int = 0  
    for n in nums {
        retNumber = retNumber + n
    } 
    return retNumber 
} 
// Using function, with Variadic parameter:
func test_sum()    { 
    // Call sum function, pass 3 parameters.
    var sum1 = sum(1, 2, 3) 
    print("sum(1, 2, 3) = \(sum1)") 
    // Call sum function, pass 4 parameters.
    var sum2 = sum(1,4, 5, 7) 
    print("sum(1,4, 5, 7) = \(sum2)") 
}

import Foundation

// Function return tax amount, base on country code & salary.
func getTaxAmount(countryCode:String, salaryAmount:Int) -> Int  { 
    // A function to caculate tax amount in United States.
    func getUsaTaxAmount( salaryAmount: Int)  -> Int {
        // 15%
        return 15*salaryAmount/100
    }  
    // A function to caculate tax amount in Vietnam.
    func getVietnamTaxAmount( salaryAmount:Int)  -> Int {
        // 10%
        return 10 * salaryAmount/100
    } 
    if countryCode == "US" { 
        return getUsaTaxAmount(salaryAmount) 
    } else if countryCode == "VN" { 
        return getVietnamTaxAmount(salaryAmount) 
    } 
    // Other countries (5%)
    return  5 * salaryAmount / 100 
}

func sum(a: Int,  b: Int)  -> Int   {
    return a + b;
}

(Int,Int) -> (Int)

import Foundation

// A function to caculate tax amount in United States.
// Function type is: (Int) -> (Int)
func getUsaTaxAmount(salary: Int)  -> Int { 
    return 15 * salary / 100
} 
// A function to caculate tax amount in Vietnam.
// Function type is: (Int) -> (Int)
func getVietnamTaxAmount(salary: Int) -> Int  { 
    return 10 * salary / 100
} 
// A default function to caculate tax amount.
// Function type is: (Int) -> (Int)
func getDefaultTaxAmount(salary: Int) -> Int { 
    return 5 * salary / 100
} 
// This function return a function.
func getTaxFunction(countryCode: String) ->  ( Int -> Int )  { 
    if countryCode == "US"  {
        return getUsaTaxAmount 
    } else if countryCode == "VN"  { 
        return getVietnamTaxAmount
    }
    return getDefaultTaxAmount 
}  
// Test
func  test_returningFunction()  { 
    var countryCode = "US"
    print("Country Code = " + countryCode) 
    // Get function.
    var taxFunction =  getTaxFunction(countryCode)  
    var salary = 10000 
    print("Salary = \(salary)")
    
    var taxAmount = taxFunction(salary) 
    print("Tax Amount = \(taxAmount)")
}

import Foundation 
test_returningFunction()