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Bootstrap Modal Tutorial with Examples

  1. Bootstrap Modal
  2. Modal & jQuery
  3. Modal Events

1. Bootstrap Modal

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Modal is a Dialog or a Popup. It displays over all other contents of current page. The purpose of the Modal is to notify to users of something of applications or wait for users to enter information.
Although Javascript supports some different dialogs such as Confirm, Alert, Open File, Save file,..but obviously, these dialogs can not be customized, and so you expect something better.
First, look at an example:
modal-example1.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8">
      <title>Modal Example</title>
      <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   </head>
   <body>
      <!-- Button to Open the Modal -->
      <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">
           Open modal
      </button>

      <!-- The Modal -->
      <div class="modal" id="myModal">
         <div class="modal-dialog">
            <div class="modal-content">
               <!-- Modal Header -->
               <div class="modal-header">
                  <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Heading</h4>
                  <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">&times;</button>
               </div>
               <!-- Modal body -->
               <div class="modal-body">
                  Modal body..
               </div>
               <!-- Modal footer -->
               <div class="modal-footer">
                  <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
               </div>
            </div>
         </div>
      </div>

      <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.12.9/umd/popper.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
   </body>
  
</html>
Below is the structures of a modal. The div.modal-content element is the place where you are interested in. It consists of three zones: Header, Body & Footer, and you can customize it in all such three zones.
Modal Attributes
<div class="modal" id="myModal"
   data-backdrop="static"
   data-keyboard="false"
   tabindex="-1"
   aria-labelledby="myModalLabel"
   aria-hidden="true">
   <div class="modal-dialog">
      <div class="modal-content">
         <!-- Modal Header -->
         <div class="modal-header">
            <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Title</h4>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">&times;</button>
         </div>
         <!-- Modal body -->
         <div class="modal-body">
            Modal body..
         </div>
         <!-- Modal footer -->
         <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
</div>
Attribute
Description
data-backdrop
This attribute has two values such as true or static. By default, it is true, which means that the user can click on the background to close the Modal.
data-keyboard
This attribute has two values such as true or false, defaulted as false. If it is true, the user can close the Modal by pressing ESC.
aria-labelledby
The attribute of HTML5
aria-hidden
The attribute of HTML5
The .fade class allows you to create effects when the Modal hides or displays
.fade
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal">
   <div class="modal-dialog">
      <div class="modal-content">
        
         <div class="modal-header">
            <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Title</h4>
            <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal">&times;</button>
         </div>
        
         <div class="modal-body">
            Modal body..
         </div>
         <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
</div>
Example: create a Modal not containing "X" (Found at the top right corner of the Modal.)
Modal without X button
<div class="modal" id="myModal">
   <div class="modal-dialog">
      <div class="modal-content">
         <div class="modal-header">
            <h4 class="modal-title">Modal Title</h4>
         </div>
         <div class="modal-body">
            Modal body..
         </div>
         <div class="modal-footer">
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
</div>

2. Modal & jQuery

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You can use JQuery to interact with the Modal, for instance, hide or display the Modal.
$('#myModal').modal('toggle');
$('#myModal').modal('show');
$('#myModal').modal('hide');
Or fuller:
$('#myModal').modal(options);

// Example:

var options = {
  'backdrop' : 'static',
  'keyboard' : true,
  'show' : true,
  'focus' : false
}
Option
Description
backdrop
This option has two values: true or static, defaulted as true, which means that the user can click on the background to close the Modal.
keyboard
This option has two values: true or false, defaulted as false. If it is true, the user can close the Modal by pressing ESC.
show
This option has two values: true or false, used to display or hide the Modal.
focus
This option has two values: true or false, defaulted as false. If it is true, the Modal will be focused when it is created.

3. Modal Events

Some events are fired when the Modal opens or closes. And you can catch these events to do something. Use the "on" method of the jQuery to bind the event with the handler.
Event
Description
show.bs.modal
This event is fired immediately before the Modal displays.
shown.bs.modal
This event is fired immediately after the Modal displays.
hide.bs.modal
This event is fired immediately before the Modal is hidden
hidden.bs.modal
This event is fired immediately after the Modal is hidden
You can handle one of the above events like below:
$('#myModal').on('shown.bs.modal', function (e) {
  alert('Modal is successfully shown!');
});
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